HSK 3.0 · 70 Grammar Items

HSK 1 Grammar Points 2026: The Complete Reference Guide (70 Items)

While vocabulary helps you label the world, grammar helps you tell a story. According to the official syllabus, Level 1 candidates must master 70 specific grammar points — including basic sentence structures and tricky particles like "Le" (了).

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Part 1: The Building Blocks (Parts of Speech)

Pay special attention to Measure Words and Modal Verbs — these function differently in Chinese compared to English.

Category	Sub-Category	Grammar Items (Examples)
Pronouns	Personal & Question	People: 我 (I), 你 (You), 他/她 (He/She), 我们 (We), 大家 (Everyone) Questions: 谁 (Who), 哪儿 (Where), 什么 (What), 多少 (How many), 怎么样 (How)
Numbers	Basics	0–10 (零…十), 百 (100), 千 (1000), 半 (Half)
Measure Words	Specific & Generic	Common: 个 (Generic), 本 (Books), 口 (Family), 块 (Money) Time: 点 (O'clock), 岁 (Years old), 天 (Day)
Verbs	Modal & Separable	Modal: 会 (Can), 想 (Want), 可以 (May) Separable: 睡觉 (Sleep), 说话 (Speak), 上班 (Work)
Adverbs	Degree, Time, Negative	Degree: 很 (Very), 太 (Too) Negative: 不 (No/Not), 没 (Did not) Time: 在 (Currently), 再 (Again)
Prepositions	Location & Object	在 (At/In), 和 (With/And), 对 (To/Towards)
Particles	Structure & Tone	Structure: 的 (Possessive/Modify) Tone: 吗 (Question), 呢 (Observation), 吧 (Suggestion) Dynamic: 了 (Completed action)

Part 2: Sentence Patterns & Structures

Master the basic word order (Subject + Verb + Object) and several special sentence types unique to Chinese.

Sentence Type	Structure & Meaning
Basic Sentences	Subject + Verb + Object (e.g., 我吃苹果) Adjective Predicate: Subject + 很 + Adj (e.g., 他很高 – He is tall)
Questions	Yes/No: Statement + 吗? Specific: Using 谁, 哪儿, 什么 A-not-A: 你去不去? (Do you go or not?)
"Shi" Sentences (是)	Used to equate two things (A is B). Example: 我是学生 (I am a student).
"You" Sentences (有)	Indicates possession or existence. Example: 我有一个哥哥 (I have an older brother).
Existential Sentences (存现句)	Location + 有/是 + Object. Example: 桌子上有一本书 (There is a book on the table).
Serial Verb (连动句)	Doing one action to achieve another. Example: 我去商店买东西 (I go to the store to buy things).

Try these patterns in your own sentences

Reading a pattern is not the same as producing it. In the Pass HSK app, HSK 1 grammar comes with example sentences, audio and practice questions.

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Part 3: Tense & Special Expressions

Chinese doesn't have "tenses" like English. Instead, it uses "Aspects" to show the state of an action.

Completion (了)

Use 了 (le) after a verb to show an action is finished.

Change of State (了)

Use 了 (le) at the end of a sentence to show a new situation (e.g., 下雨了 – It started raining).

Progression (在/呢)

Use 在 (zài) or 呢 (ne) to show an action is happening right now (Ing-form).

Time Expression

Year/Month/Day/Week. Also telling time (8点30分).

The Complete Official List (All 70 Points)

Below is the full HSK 1 grammar inventory exactly as it is organised in the official 2026 syllabus — all 70 points, grouped into the six categories the syllabus itself uses. Items are reproduced in the original Chinese wording.

1.Morphemes （语素）

Prefixes前缀

小—、第—

Suffixes后缀

—们、—边

2.Parts of Speech （词类）

Nouns / Localizers名词

上、下、里、外、前、后

Verbs动词

会、能
想、要
可以
看病、睡觉、说话、上课、下课、上班、下班、生病

Pronouns代词

多、多少、几、哪、哪儿、哪里、哪些、什么、谁、怎么、怎么样
我、你、您、他、她、我们、你们、他们、她们、它、它们、大家
这、那、这儿、那儿、这里、那里、这些、那些、有的、这个、那个、有些

Numerals数词

一、二/两、三、四、五、六、七、八、九、零、十、百、半、千

Measure Words量词

专用名量词：本、个、家、口、块、件、只、元
借用名量词：杯
日、号、岁、点、分、年、天

Adverbs副词

非常、很、太、真、有（一）点儿
都1
在、正在
再1
还1、也
不、没（有）、不要

Prepositions介词

在
和1、对

Conjunctions连词

和2

Particles助词

的1
了1
吧1、了2、吗、呢1、呢2、呢3

Interjections叹词

3.Phrases （短语）

Structural Types结构类型

联合短语
偏正短语
动宾短语
主谓短语
数量短语
介宾短语
方位短语

4.Sentence Elements & Types （句子成分）

Subjects主语

名词、代词或名词性短语作主语

Predicates谓语

名词、代词、数词或数量短语作谓语
动词或动词性短语、形容词或形容词性短语作谓语

Objects宾语

名词、代词或名词性短语作宾语

Attributives定语

名词性词语、形容词性短语、数量短语作定语

Adverbials状语

副词、形容词作状语；表示时间、处所的词语作状语

Complements补语

动词+动量补语

Sentence Structures句型

主谓句1：动词谓语句
主谓句2：形容词谓语句
主谓句3：名词谓语句
非主谓句

Sentence Types句类

陈述句
是非问句
特指问句
正反问句
祈使句
感叹句

Special Sentence Patterns特殊句型

表示等同或类属
表示领有
所处+是+名词
处所+有+数量短语+名词
前后动作先后发生，后一动作是前一动作的目的
前一动作是后一动作的方式
主语+动词+宾语1+宾语2

Complex Sentences复句

不用关联词语的复句
……，也……
……，还……

5.Aspect (State of an Action) （动作的态）

用动态助词"了1"表示
用动态助词"了2"表示
……在/正在+动词
……在/正在+动词……+呢
……呢

6.Special Expressions （特殊表达法）

Expressing Numbers数的表达法

钱数表示法
序数表达法1：第+数词

Expressing Time时间表示法

年、月、日、星期表示法
钟点表示法

Source: official HSK 3.0 grammar inventory (2025 revision). Level 1 contains 70 of the 593 grammar points across all nine levels.

61 Free Grammar Lessons by Area

The official inventory above tells you what is examinable. It does not tell you how to say anything — more than half of it is word lists and grammatical terminology rather than usable sentence patterns. So Pass HSK teaches Level 1 grammar as 61 practical patterns instead, each one a sentence you can actually build.

How to read this list: the lessons are our own teaching sequence, not an official document. We have grouped them under the same six headings the syllabus uses so you can see which areas they cover — but the grouping is our editorial judgement, and a lesson is not a one-to-one substitute for any single official point.

Sentence Elements & Types （句子成分）

23 lessons

Special Sentence Patterns特殊句型