Expressing earliness with "jiu"

Subj. + Time + 就 + Verb

Introduction

就 (jiù) after a time word says the speaker finds that time early. 他六点就来了。(Tā liù diǎn jiù lái le.) — He came at six — and six is earlier than I expected. The facts do not change; 就 adds the judgement.

Overview

Structure: Subj. + Time + 就 (jiù) + Verb (+ 了 (le))

PatternExampleTranslation
Subj + Time + 就 + V + 了他六点就来了。(Tā liù diǎn jiù lái le.)He came as early as six.
Subj + 就 + V(immediacy)我就来。(Wǒ jiù lái.)I'm coming right now.
V1 + 完 + 就 + V2我吃完就走。(Wǒ chī wán jiù zǒu.)I'll leave the moment I finish eating.
Subj + Time + 才 + V他八点才来。(Tā bā diǎn cái lái.)He didn't come until eight.
就是(emphasis)就是这个。(Jiù shì zhège.)This is the one.

就 (jiù) is early; 才 (cái) is late — the clock is the same either way:

  • 他六点就来了。(Tā liù diǎn jiù lái le.) — He was here by six. That's early.
  • 他八点才来。(Tā bā diǎn cái lái.) — He didn't turn up until eight. That's late.
  • Note the 了 (le): 就 takes it, 才 usually does not.
  • Both go after the time word and before the verb: ✓ 六点就来 (liù diǎn jiù lái) ❌ 就六点来 (jiù liù diǎn lái).

Examples

  • 他六点就来了。

    Tā liù diǎn jiù lái le.

    He got here as early as six.

  • 我十分钟就写完了。

    Wǒ shí fēnzhōng jiù xiě wán le.

    I finished writing it in ten minutes flat.

  • 我吃完饭就走。

    Wǒ chī wán fàn jiù zǒu.

    I'll leave as soon as I've eaten.

  • 你等一下,我就来。

    Nǐ děng yíxià, wǒ jiù lái.

    Hang on, I'll be right there.

  • 他学了一年就会说中文了。

    Tā xué le yì nián jiù huì shuō Zhōngwén le.

    After only a year he could speak Chinese.

  • 他八点才来,我们都等了两个小时。

    Tā bā diǎn cái lái, wǒmen dōu děng le liǎng ge xiǎoshí.

    He didn't come till eight; we'd all waited two hours.

Usage Notes

  • 就 (jiù) is an adverb, so it sits before the verb. The time word comes before 就 (jiù), not after.
  • The sentence usually ends in 了 (le) when the event has happened: 他六点就来了。(Tā liù diǎn jiù lái le.)
  • 就 (jiù) also links two actions in sequence — the second follows the first at once: 我吃完就走。(Wǒ chī wán jiù zǒu.)
  • On its own before a verb, 就 (jiù) means "right away": 我就去。(Wǒ jiù qù.) — I'm going right now.
  • 就 (jiù) is 4th tone, so 不 in front of it becomes bú: 不就 is bú jiù, though the combination is rare at this level.

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This lesson is part of the complete HSK 2 grammar guide — 58 lessons covering the official Level 2 syllabus.